目的 调查5种兰科药用植物可培养内生真菌的多样性和分布,鉴定具有生物活性的真菌物种用于今后濒危兰科药用植物的人工栽培。方法 采用形态学和分子生物学的方法鉴定定殖于兰科5种药用植物(白芨、手参、金钗石斛、束花石斛、金线莲)体内可培养的内生真菌。结果 241株内生真菌分属子囊菌门(Ascomycota)3个纲,52个属,约100余种。10株内生真菌属于担子菌门(Basidiomycota)。除未鉴定到属水平的菌株外(19.5%),已鉴定的内生真菌中,镰孢菌属(Fusarium)(14.9%)、刺盘孢属(Colletotrichum)(12.9%)、炭角菌属(Xylaria)(5.4%)及交链孢属(Alternaria)(3.7%)真菌是分离频率较高的真菌类群。暗色有隔内生真菌(DSE)仅在采自西藏地区的手参中有分离,兰科专一性菌根真菌如胶膜菌属(Tulasnella)、蜡壳菌属(Sebacina)及角担菌属(Ceratobasidium)真菌在石斛,白芨及手参中有分布。结论 内生真菌的种类分布与宿主植物种类及其地理分布有一定的相关性。该研究获得可培养的内生真菌菌株,为今后兰科药用植物的栽培和活性天然产物的分离提供宝贵的微生物资源。
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate extensively the cultural endophytic fungal community colonized mainly in the roots of five orchid medicinal plants species. METHODS Cultural endophytic fungi were identified using the morphological METHODS and molecular sequences. RESULTS A total of 241 strains of fungi were isolated and identified into at least 52 genera. Among them, Fusarium(14.9%), Colletotrichum(12.9%), Xylaria(5.4%) and Alternaria(3.7%) were dominated.Ten interested fungal strains were identified, including Dark septate endophyte (DSE) and Orchid mycorrhizal fungi(e.g. Tulasnella and Sebacina).CONCLUSION Fungal taxa and richness are related to host plant species and its geological distribution. This study provides important fungal resources for cultivation of orchid medicinal plants and screening of bioactive compounds in the future.
关键词
兰科 /
暗色有隔内生真菌 /
菌根真菌 /
系统发育
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Key words
Orchidaceae /
Dark septate endophyte /
Mycorrhizal fungi /
phylogeny
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中图分类号：
R284
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参考文献
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脚注
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基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(81573527); 中央公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项基金 (YZ-12-14);中国医学科学院药用植物研究所创新团队资助项目 (PIRTI-IT1302)
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